The McDonald criteria are internationally recognized guidelines doctors use to diagnose MS more accurately and earlier by combining symptoms, MRI findings, and laboratory tests. Updated in 2024, the criteria look for evidence that MS-related damage has occurred in different areas of the central nervous system and at different points in time, using advanced MRI features and spinal fluid markers to support diagnosis. The newest revision expands how MS can be diagnosed, including recognizing optic nerve involvement, newer imaging markers, and certain cases without clear symptoms. Overall, the updated guidelines aim to reduce delays and misdiagnosis while allowing people to begin treatment sooner.
